WHATDIFFERENTTYPES OFSTARSARE THERE?
I know of 10 different types of stars. They are called neutron stars,
black dwarfs, white dwarfs, brown dwarfs, red dwarfs, yellow dwarfs, blue giants, red giants, blue supergiants and red supergiants.
A neutron star is the
remaining star after a giant star explodes and goes supernova.
The neutron star can now have up to three times the mass of our sun and
it is packed into only a small ball with a radius of around 6 to 10
miles or 10 to 15 kilometers. A neutron star is so dense that on earth
just one teaspoon full would way a hundred million tonnes!
A black dwarf is the stage after a white dwarf. It takes so long for
stars to get to this stage that none has probably ever gotten to this
stage. Our universe is so young and it will take a few times older than
our universe even is for any sun to turn into a black dwarf. Our
nearest star, Proxima Centauri is a red dwarf and scientists believe
that it will take billions of years for it to end it's life cycle and
eventually become a white dwarf and then a black dwarf. Black dwarfs
are stars that are burnt out and do not have any light or heat anymore.
Our Sun will probably become a black dwarf too someday.
A white dwarf only has the radius of 0.02 of the Sun and it's true
brightness is 0.005 of the Sun. It's surface temperature is 45,000
degrees Fahrenheit or 25,000 degrees Celsius. A white dwarf is
not really white, its color depends on its temperature, and it can be
from violet to deep red. A white dwarf can not be seen without a
telescope. Did you know a teaspoon full of white dwarf would way 5
tonnes? A white dwarf is one of the last stages of a star from when the
giant star releases its outer layers of gases and leaves the center or
core of the star. The white dwarf is then only about the size of the
Earth but still has 3/4 the mass of our Sun.
A brown dwarf is when a star was being created but it didn't get enough
mass to become a real star. It is a bit bigger than Jupiter or a white
dwarf but smaller than our sun, but they actually have about 13 to 75
times Jupiter's mass. It has a radius of 0.1 of the Sun and has a true
brightness of 0.00001 of the Sun. It's surface temperature is 1,300
degrees Fahrenheit or 720 degrees Celsius. Instead of staying the same
size or expanding it will shrink and cool down and fade. The brightest
brown dwarf sometimes resembles a red dwarf.
A red dwarf's radius is half of our Sun's radius and its true
brightness is 0.05 of the Sun. A red dwarf is a low mass star, and
since small stars take very long to slowly burn up there fuel they last
a very very long time. A red dwarf can live for more than 10 times the
present age of our universe, around 200 billion years at its regular
rate. It's surface temperature is 6,000 degrees Fahrenheit or 3,300
degrees Celsius. Red dwarfs are the most popular type of sun and
make up just over half of all the stars in our entire galaxy! If
our Sun was a red dwarf, from earth it wouldn't provide us with
daylight it would only give us light like when our sun is rising or
setting. Our nearest neighbour star Proxima Centauri is a red dwarf and
it can't be seen in the sky because red dwarfs are usually not bright
enough to be seen without a telescope. It is part of a triple star
system.
A yellow dwarf is a star like our Sun. A yellow star lives around 10
billion years. Eventually a yellow star will bloat into a red giant and
it's outer layer will shoot out into space leaving a white dwarf and
then later a black dwarf. A yellow's sun's radius and true brightness
is 1 of our Sun. Its surface temperature is 10,000 degrees Fahrenheit
or 5,500 degrees Celsius. For more information about yellow stars you
can look at the section called All About Our Sun.
I drew
this picture on my computer.
A blue giant's radius is 10 Suns and its true brightness is 800,000
suns. Its surface temperature is 80,000 degrees Fahrenheit or 45,000
degrees Celsius. A blue giant is a star that was born a giant and later
in its life cycle just like a yellow star it will bloat into a bigger
star but instead of turning into a red giant it turns into a red
supergiant. A blue giant usually lives a pretty short life.
A red giant's radius is hundreds of times larger than the Sun and its
surface temperature is relatively low. The surface temperature is
around 8,540 degrees Fahrenheit or 4,727 degrees Celsius. A red giant
is a star that increase in temperature and implodes and the heat energy
it releases causes it to expand. A red giant is a star like our Sun
after it expands and cools down and gets a bit dimmer. Once our Sun
becomes a red giant it will turn all of our inner planets into cinder.
A blue supergiant is an expanded blue giant. They have a surface
temperature of 36,000 to 90,000 Fahrenheit or 20,000 to 50,000 degrees
Celsius. There radius can be up to 25 of our Sun. They are rare and
some of the brightest stars in the universe. As the blue supergiant's
core reaction speeds up and slows down and the wind changes can change
back and forth from a blue supergiant and a red supergiant. A blue
supergiant has fast but rare wind compared to a red supergiant which
has a slow wind. Blue supergiants are rarely found with older stars
they are found with young stars.
A red supergiant has a radius of 500 Suns and a true brightness of
40,000 Suns. It has a surface temperature of 6,100 degrees Fahrenheit
or 3,400 degrees Celsius. They are the biggest in size but not in mass
or surface temperature or true brightness in the known universe. A red
supergiant ends its life it in a super nova. A red supergiant is a star
that is in its last phase of its life burning helium. A red supergiant
is just a bigger version of a red giant. Red supergiants have no
photosphere.
