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Phytoplankton are the bottom level of the ocean food chain. Phytoplankton contain the critical nutrients that most sea and some land animals bigger than them need. Phytoplankton obtain these special nutrients by photosynthesising and because they are algae and algae are plants and plants take in minerals.  When the zooplankton eat the phytoplankton they get their nutrients. When the small fish eat the zooplankton they get the nutrients too, and so on. Then the bigger fish eat the smaller ones, and the mammals eat the bigger fish.