ontrary to popular belief, it is possible to create DNA (Genome Canada, 2006; M. Belouchi, personal communication, March 29, 2007). These extremely complex molecules are composed of different chemical compounds called nucleotides. They are: Guanine, Adenine, Thymine, and Cytosine. These component molecules fit together. Adenine links with Thymine, and Cytosine links with Guanine. A strand of DNA, made up with a given number of nucleotides, follows a certain pattern. All DNA strands, however, link with their exact opposites, forming one DNA molecule, the famed double helix. On occasion, however, DNA molecules may deform. This phenomenon may lead to a mismatch in the pairing of DNA links. For example; if Guanine linked with Adenine, the strand of deoxyribonucleic acid would be defective. This mutation is called SNP: Single Nucleotide Polymorphism.

       ne mismatch in the bonding of DNA bases could lead to cystic fibrosis, or even cancer. It has not yet been discovered, however, how to alter nucleotide sequences, making a healthier being. There are 70 to 100 trillion cells in the human body. Each cell is composed of cytoplasm, and a nucleus. The 46 chromosomes are located in the nucleus. Although each cell is identical in its housing of 30000 genes on the chromosomes, cells in each different tissue function in a unique way. There are 280 different tissues and organs in the body. These differences are due to proteins which turn on a series of genes in each cell. If the genetic material in a nucleus were to be stretched out, it would reach three meters in length. Dr. Belouchi, of Genizon Biosciences states that only 5 percent of each chromosome is genetic material, while the rest is structural backbone (M. Belouchi, personal communication, March 29, 2007). Since our body registers on average 10000 mutations a day, proteins replace and repair faulty DNA on a consistent basis. Scientists have been hypothesizing about artificially controlling proteins to replace and repair hazardous SNPs.

Synthesis