Observation - Evaporation

Because there is a big temperature difference between our freezing temperature and evaporating temperature, our observations were recorded in smaller time intervals.  We decided since water boils at 100°C, that would be the best temperature to try and evaporate our snow samples.  Here’s what we observed:

 

3 Minutes

Nothing had happened, the cupcake tray was hot but there was no drastic melting or drastic changes to record.  They just had very small puddles of melted snow around their base.

 

5 Minutes

Our tap water sample and Hiawatha Highlands sample was almost completely melted and there was debris in our tap water sample which resembled gray dust.  Our other samples were melting and had nothing exciting happening.

 

7 Minutes

Our samples of freshly fallen snow and Caitlin’s backyard still had a little bit of their ice cube remaining.  All the others had melted and left a nice amount of water and debris in the bottom of their cupcake holder.

 

10 Minutes

All samples were completely melted and all the dirt (mostly sand, salt and smaller rocks) had moved to the center of their cupcake holders.  The cupcake holder where the ice had melted was approximately ¼ full.

 

15 Minutes

The water level had started to go down for all the samples. There were no other drastic changes though.  The dirt was still situated in the middle of the pan.

 

20 Minutes

Although there was not a lot, this was the first time the samples came out of the oven and we were able to see them steaming. 

 

25 Minutes

Samples were still steaming but the ones that had a lot of debris in them, specifically ones with rocks, salt, and sand in them were steaming more than the others. And, when we held our hand over top of the samples it felt like our hands were sweating and we could feel how much hotter they were than the other samples.

 

35 Minutes

After 10 minutes, there was still no more going on then what was happening from our last observations.  However, the water level of each sample continues to diminish but not a large amount.

 

45 Minutes

Same observations from 10 minutes ago.  No change, water level was still the same.

 

1 Hour

Again, no exciting observations to record, however there was only about ½ left to evaporate.  We were so close!

 

1 Hour 30 Minutes

The debris from freshly fallen snow, tap water, Hiawatha Highlands, and the schoolyard had about another 10 minutes before the water would evaporate completely.  Our highway and Hiawatha sample, much to our surprise was completely gone.  We were shocked.  Both of these samples contained a lot of debris from large pebbles to pine needles.  There was still a large amount of water left in the freshly fallen and north of Sault Ste. Marie samples.  Both Sarah and Caitlin’s backyard had little water and very little debris.  Maybe it would have been okay to place them in a glass of juice. J

 

2 Hours

All samples had no trace of water.  Highway, with all the debris, had made the kitchen smell really bad (probably because it sat in the oven for another 30 minutes letting the debris get hotter and burn).  Some of the debris was stuck to the bottom of the pan.  This would be fun to clean.  It was the dirtiest of all our samples and contained the most debris, consisting of some black pebble debris (it almost resembles a small piece of charcoal), salt, sand, twigs, big rocks, small pebbles.The entire bottom was covered.  There was also a thin white colored crust around the edges where the water came up to.  We discovered that this was salt. Our schoolyard sample contained salt and sand.  Both Caitlin and Sarah’s backyard showed no trace of debris in or around the edges of the pan.  Tap water had nothing.  Hiawatha Highlands contained sand and pine needles and our sample for the northern part of Sault Ste. Marie contained what looked like ashes and pine needles.  We know that they are ashes because the area from which we collected this sample was at a friend’s house and they have a fire pit outside.  The place, which we collected it from, was only about 10 feet away from this pit.  The freshly fallen snow sample had a sticky dust to one side of the bottom of the pan.  The parking lot sample was full of sand, salt, twigs as well as another sample of that black charcoal stuff.  There was also a rim around the pan where the water level reached; once again this is salt.  Our Steel Plant/West end sample contained pine needles, a lot of rocks, sand and salt.

 

                 

Après 2 heures.                                        Débris qui reste de l’autoroute.

Stationnement (tu peut voir le sel sur les cotés.)

 

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Index | Home page | Introduction | Method

Observations à Freezing (Part 1) | Freezing (Part 2) | pH Level

Research | Conclusion | Bibliography